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American government / by Soifer, Paul.(CARDINAL)382073; Hoffman, Abraham.(CARDINAL)517475; Voss, D. Stephen(Dennis Stephen),1968-(CARDINAL)382070;
Available copies: 1 / Total copies: 1
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Selecting a president / by Clift, Eleanor.(CARDINAL)635049; Spieler, Matthew.(CARDINAL)400035;
MARCIVE 7/3/12Includes bibliographical references and index.The presidential election year : a snapshot -- The primaries -- The conventions : clinching the nomination -- The general election -- Election day -- Inauguration day -- The Presidential Oath of Office -- Past presidential elections -- Speeches in presidential campaigns."Selecting a President" explains the nuts and bolts of our presidential electoral system while drawing on rich historical anecdotes from past campaigns. Among the world's many democracies, U.S. presidential elections are unique, where presidential contenders embark on a grueling, spectacular two-year journey that begins in Iowa and New Hampshire, and ends at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue. Modern presidential campaigns are a marked departure from the process envisioned by America's founders. Yet while they've evolved, many of the basic structures of our original electoral system remain in place--even as presidential elections have moved into the modern era with tools like Twitter and Facebook at their disposal--they must still compete in an election governed by rules and mechanisms conceived in the late eighteenth century. In this book, Clift and Spieler demonstrate that presidential campaigns are exciting, hugely important, disillusioning at times but also inspiring"--
Subjects: Presidents; Presidents; Political campaigns;
Available copies: 6 / Total copies: 7
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Alexander Hamilton : the making of America / by Kanefield, Teri,1960-author.;
Includes bibliographical references (pages 198-199) and index (pages 201-203).An orphan and a dreamer -- An immigrant -- A soldier -- Victory in love and war -- Striving for magnificence -- Capitalism: A new vision for America -- Due process of law -- Steps in the right direction -- The good ship Hamilton -- Secretary of the treasury -- Rivalry with Jefferson -- Rivalry with Burr -- Afterword -- Legacy."The America that Alexander Hamilton knew was largely agricultural and built on slave labor. He envisioned something else: a multi-racial, urbanized, capitalistic America with a strong central government. He believed that such an America would be a land of opportunity for the poor and the newcomers. But Hamilton's vision put him at odds with his archrivals who envisioned a pastoral America of small towns, where governments were local, states would control their own destiny, and the federal government would remain small and weak. The disputes that arose during America's first decades continued through American history to our present day. Over time, because of the systems Hamilton set up and the ideas he left, his vision won out. Here is the story that epitomizes the American dream--a poor immigrant who made good in America. In the end, Hamilton rose from poverty through his intelligence and ability, and did more to shape our country than any of his contemporaries. Related subjects and concepts discussed in the book include: <U>Law and Legal Concepts</U> Due process Bill of Rights Freedom of Speech and the Press Originalism / nonoriginalism (theories of Constitutional interpretation) <U>Government</U> Checks and Balances Democracy Electoral College Republic <U>Financial Concepts</U> Capitalism Credit Inflation Interest Mercantilism Securities: Stocks and Bonds Tariffs Taxes <U>Miscellaneous</U> Demagogues Dueling Pastoralism"--"The America that Alexander Hamilton knew was largely agricultural and built on slave labor. In contrast, he envisioned something different: along with agriculture and small towns, he imagined a multiracial, urbanized, capitalistic America with a strong central government. A poor immigrant, Hamilton believed that such an America would be a land of opportunity for newcomers. His vision put him at odds with Thomas Jefferson, Aaron Burr, and others; they envisioned a pastoral America of small towns, where governments were local, states controlled their own destiny, and the federal government remained small and weak. Hamilton died in a duel, defending his ideas and his honor. Because of the systems Hamilton set up and the ideas he left, his vision won out. Here is the story that epitomizes the American dream--a poor immigrant who made good in America"--Accelerated Reader
Subjects: Biographies.; Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804; Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804.; Statesmen; Statesmen;
Available copies: 2 / Total copies: 2
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Macs translated for PC users / by Spivey, Dwight.(CARDINAL)355230;
Subjects: Handbooks and manuals.; Macintosh (Computer); Macintosh (Computer);
Available copies: 1 / Total copies: 1
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Maran illustrated Windows 7. by Maran, Ruth,1970-(CARDINAL)206550; Course Technology, Inc.(CARDINAL)375638; MaranGraphics Inc.(CARDINAL)269409;
Windows basics -- Fun and useful programs -- Working with files -- Working with pictures -- Working with songs and videos -- Create movies -- Customize Windows -- Share your computer -- Browse the web -- Exchange e-mail -- Exchange instant messages -- Work on a network -- Optimize computer performance."Maran Illustrated Windows 7" is a valuable resource for all readers, regardless of experience. Completely updated to cover the new and improved features of Windows 7, including advances in touch, speech, and handwriting recognition, support for virtual hard disks, improved performance on multi-core processors, improved boot performance, and kernel improvements, this book is jam-packed with illustrations, helpful introductions, and useful tips to engage readers and simplify the learning process. It appeals to beginner, intermediate, and advanced users! Using simple and easy-to-understand text and over 500 full-color screenshots, this book covers over 120 essential topics using Windows 7"--Resource description page."User level: beginner-intermediate"--P. [4] of cover.
Subjects: Microsoft Windows (Computer file); Operating systems (Computers);
Available copies: 2 / Total copies: 2
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Principles of robotics & artificial intelligence / by Renneboog, Richard,editor.(CARDINAL)891845;
Includes bibliographical references (pages 429-467) and index.Extreme Value Theorem -- F -- Facial Recognition Technology in Surveillance -- Fuzzy Logic -- G -- Game Theory -- Geoinformatics -- Go -- Grammatology -- Graphene -- Graphics Technologies -- H -- Holographic Technology -- Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) -- Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) -- I -- Integral -- Internet of Things (IoT) -- Interoperability -- K -- Kinematics -- L -- Language Model for Dialogue Applications (LaMDA) -- Limit of a Function -- Linear Programming -- Linux -- Local Area Network (LAN) -- M -- Machine Code -- Machine Learning -- Machine Translation -- Magnetic Storage -- Mechatronics -- Microcomputer -- Microprocessor -- Motion (Physics) -- Multitasking -- N -- Nanotechnology -- Network Interface Controller (NIC) -- Network Topology -- Neural Engineering -- Nouvelle Artificial Intelligence -- Numerical Analysis -- O -- Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) -- Optical Storage -- P -- Parallel Computing -- Pattern Recognition -- Photogrammetry -- Pneumatics -- Probability and Statistics -- Programming Languages for Artificial Intelligence -- Proportionality -- Public-Key Cryptography -- Python -- Q -- Quantum Computing -- R -- R -- Replication -- Robotic Arms -- Robotic Process Automation (RPA) -- Robotics -- Robotics and Robotic Systems -- Ruby -- S -- Scale Model -- Scratch -- Self-Management -- Semantic Web -- Sequence -- Series -- Set Notation -- Siri -- Smart City -- Smart Homes -- Smart Label -- Smartphone -- Soft Robotics -- Solar Cell -- Space Drone -- Space Robotics -- Speech Recognition -- Stem-and-Leaf Plots -- Structured Query Language (SQL) -- Stuxnet -- Supercomputer -- T Tablet Computer -- Turing Test -- U -- UNIX -- V -- Video Game Design and Programming -- Virtual Reality -- Z -- Z3 -- Zombie -- Bibliography -- Glossary -- Organizations -- Index.Table of Contents -- Publisher's Note -- Introduction -- Contributors -- A -- Abstraction -- Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) -- Agile Robotics -- Algorithmic Bias -- Algorithms -- Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) -- Application Programming Interface (API) -- Artificial Consciousness -- Artificial Intelligence (AI) -- Artificial Intelligence and Terrorism -- Artificial Intelligence Cold War -- Artificial Intelligence in Cognitive Psychology -- Artificial Intelligence in Education -- Artificial Intelligence and Robotics in Cinema -- Artificial Intelligence and Robotics in Gaming -- Artificial Intelligence and Robotics in Literature -- Augmented Reality (AR) -- Automated Processes and Servomechanisms -- Automatons, Mechanical Creatures, and Artificial Intelligence in Mythology -- Autonomous Car -- Avatars and Simulation -- B -- Behavioral Neuroscience -- Binary Pattern -- Biomechanical Engineering -- Biomechanics -- Biomimetics -- Bionics and Biomedical Engineering -- C -- C -- C++ -- Charles Babbage's Difference and Analytical Engines -- Chatbot -- ChatGPT (software) -- Client-Server Architecture -- CNC Milling -- Cognitive Science -- Combinatorics -- Computed Tomography -- Computer Engineering -- Computer Languages, Compilers, and Tools -- Computer Memory -- Computer Networks -- Computer Simulation -- Computer Software -- Computer Viruses and Worms -- Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) -- Computing Devices in History -- Continuous Random Variable -- Cryptography and Encryption -- Cybernetics -- Cybersecurity -- Cyberspace -- D -- The Dark Side of Artificial Intelligence -- Data Analytics (DA) -- Deep Learning -- Deep Reinforcement Learning (deep RL) -- Deepfake -- Digital Fraud -- Digital Logic -- DNA Computing -- Domain-Specific Language (DSL) -- E -- Evaluating Expressions -- Existential Risk from Artificial General Intelligence -- Expert System."This volume provides readers with the important information they need to understand the basic concepts of artificial intelligence as well as ways that both AI and robotics can be successfully incorporated into manufacturing, transportation, education, and medicine. This new edition has been updated and expanded to include the latest developments in artificial intelligence, including ChatGPT and other chatbots, machine learning, and open-source AI. The text also discusses the role AI and robotics play in popular culture and modern society, recent calls to regulate the artificial intelligence industry and how the industry is expected to evolve in the future. More than 120 easy-to-understand entries, many with illustrations and photographs, cover: Augmented Reality; Machine Learning; Knowledge Acquisition; Pattern Recognition; Self-Management; Virtual Reality. These entries cover many important aspects of AI and robotics, including basic principles of robotic motion and engineering, neural engineering and human-computer interaction, programming languages and operating systems, and the mathematics that govern computation. The role of robotics and AI in war, fraud, and terrorism is also examined, as well as how these fields are portrayed in popular culture, which ultimately reflects how we perceive the line between human and machine. Entries begin by specifying related Fields of Study, followed by an Abstract and then a list of Key Concepts summarizing important points; all entries end with a helpful Further Reading section." -From publisher.
Subjects: Reference works.; Robotics.; Artificial intelligence.;
Available copies: 3 / Total copies: 3
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The Supreme Court A to Z / by Jost, Kenneth.(CARDINAL)652254;
Includes bibliographical references and index.Machine generated contents note: A.Abortion -- Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts -- Affirmative Action -- Aliens -- Alito, Samuel A., Jr. -- Amending Process -- American Bar Association -- Amicus Curiae -- Antitrust -- Appeal -- Appointment and Removal Power -- Arguments -- Arms, Right to Bear -- Arrests -- Assembly, Freedom of -- Assigning Opinions -- Association, Freedom of -- Attainder, Bill of -- Attorney General -- B.Background of Justices -- Bail -- Baker v. Carr -- Baldwin, Henry -- Barbour, Philip P. -- Bar of the Supreme Court -- Bill of Rights -- Black, Hugo L. -- Blackmun, Harry A. -- Blair, John, Jr. -- Blatchford, Samuel -- Bradley, Joseph P. -- Brandeis, Louis D. -- Brennan, William J., Jr. -- Brewer, David J. -- Breyer, Stephen G. -- Brief -- Brown, Henry B. -- Brown v. Board of Education -- Burger, Warren E. -- Burton, Harold H. -- Bush v. Gore -- Busing -- Butler, Pierce -- Byrnes, James F. -- C.Calhoun, John C. -- Campaigns and Elections -- Campbell, John A. -- Capital Punishment -- Cardozo, Benjamin N. -- Case Law -- Case or Controversy Rule -- Catron, John -- Certiorari -- Chase, Salmon P. -- Chase, Samuel -- Chief Justice -- Child Labor -- Circuit Riding -- Citizenship -- Civil Liberties -- Civil Rights -- Civil War Amendments -- Clark, Tom C. -- Clarke, John H. -- Class Action -- Clay, Henry -- Clerk of the Court -- Clerks -- Clifford, Nathan -- Comity -- Commerce Power -- Common Law -- Communism -- Concurring Opinions -- Conferences -- Confessions -- Confirmation Process -- Congress and the Court -- Congressional Immunity -- Constitutional Law -- Contempt of Court -- Contract Clause -- Cost of Supreme Court -- Counsel, Right to Legal -- Counselor to the Chief Justice -- Courts, Lower -- Courts, Powers of -- Criminal Law and Procedure -- Cruel and Unusual Punishment -- Curator's Office -- Currency Powers -- Curtis, Benjamin R. -- Cushing, William -- D.Daniel, Peter V. -- Davis, David -- Davis, John W. -- Day, William R. -- Decision Days -- De Facto, De Jure -- Defendant -- Disability Rights -- Discrimination -- Dissenting Opinions -- Diversity Jurisdiction -- Docket -- Double Jeopardy -- Douglas, William O. -- Due Process -- Duvall, Gabriel -- E.Education and the Court -- Elections and the Court -- Electronic Surveillance -- Ellsworth, Oliver -- Equal Protection -- Exclusionary Rule -- Executive Privilege and Immunity -- Ex Parte -- Ex Post Facto -- Extrajudicial Activities -- F.Federalism -- Federal Judicial Center -- Felony -- Field, Stephen J. -- Flag Salute Cases -- Foreign Affairs -- Fortas, Abe -- Frankfurter, Felix -- Fuller, Melville W. -- G.Garland, Augustus H. -- Gay Rights -- Gibbons v. Ogden -- Gideon v. Wainwright -- Ginsburg, Ruth Bader -- Goldberg, Arthur J. -- Grand Jury -- Gray, Horace -- Grier, Robert C. -- H.Habeas Corpus -- Hamilton, Alexander -- Harlan, John Marshall (1833-1911) -- Harlan, John Marshall (1899-1971) -- Historical Society, Supreme Court -- Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Jr. -- Housing the Court -- Hughes, Charles Evans -- Hunt, Ward -- I.Impeachment -- Impeachment of Justices -- Income Tax -- Incorporation Doctrine -- Indictment -- In Forma Pauperis -- Injunction -- Intellectual Property -- International Law -- Internet -- Internment Cases -- Iredell, James -- J.Jackson, Andrew -- Jackson, Howell E. -- Jackson, Robert H. -- Jay, John -- Jefferson, Thomas -- Job Discrimination -- Johnson, Thomas -- Johnson, William -- Judgment of the Court -- Judicial Activism -- Judicial Conference of the United States -- Judicial Restraint -- Judicial Review -- Juries -- Jurisdiction -- Justiciability -- K.Kagan, Elena -- Kennedy, Anthony M. -- L.Lamar, Joseph R. -- Lamar, Lucius Q. C. -- Legal Office of the Court -- Legal System in America -- Legal Tender Cases -- Legislative Veto -- Libel -- Library of the Court -- Lincoln, Abraham -- Livingston, H. Brockholst -- Loyalty Oaths -- Lurton, Horace H. -- M.Majority Opinion -- Mandamus -- Mandatory Jurisdiction -- Marbury v. Madis
Subjects: Biographies.; Encyclopedias.; United States. Supreme Court; United States. Supreme Court;
Available copies: 1 / Total copies: 1
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The VR book : human-centered design for virtual reality / by Jerald, Jason,author.(CARDINAL)849970;
Includes bibliographical references (pages 541-566) and index.Part I. Introduction and background : What is virtual reality? : The definition of virtual reality ; VR is communication ; What is VR good for? -- A history of VR : The 1800s ; The 1900s ; The 2000s -- An overview of various realities : Forms of reality ; Reality systems -- Immersion, presence, and reality trade-offs : Immersion ; Presence ; Illusions of presence ; Reality trade-offs -- The basics: design guidelines : Introduction and background ; VR is communication ; An overview of various realities ; Immersion, presence, and reality trade-offs.Part II. Perception : Objective and subjective reality : Reality is subjective ; Perceptual illusions -- Perceptual models and processes : Distal and proximal stimuli ; Sensation vs. perception ; Bottom-up and top-down processing ; Afference and efference ; Iterative perceptual processing ; The subconscious and conscious ; Visceral, behavioral, reflective, and emotional processes ; Mental models ; Neuro-linguistic programming -- Perceptual modalities : Sight ; Hearing ; Touch ; Proprioception ; Balance and physical motion ; Smell and taste ; Multimodal perceptions -- Perception of space and time : Space perception ; Time perception ; Motion perception -- Perceptual stability, attention, and action : Perceptual constancies ; Adaptation ; Attention ; Action -- Perception: design guidelines : Objective and subjective reality ; Perceptual models and processes ; Perceptual modalities ; Perception of space and time ; Perceptual stability, attention, and action.Part III. Adverse health effects : Motion sickness : Scene motion ; Motion sickness and vection ; Theories of motion sickness ; A unified model of motion sickness -- Eye strain, seizures, and aftereffects : Accommodation-vergence conflict ; Binocular-occlusion conflict ; Flicker ; Aftereffects -- Hardware challenges : Physical fatigue ; Headset fit ; Injury ; Hygiene -- Latency : Negative effects of latency ; Latency thresholds ; Delayed perception as a function of dark adaptation ; Sources of delay ; Timing analysis -- Measuring sickness : The Kennedy simulator sickness questionnaire ; Postural stability ; Physiological measures -- Summary of factors that contribute to adverse effects : System factors ; Individual user factors ; Application design factors ; Presence vs. motion sickness -- Examples of reducing adverse effects : Optimize adaptation ; Real-world stabilized cues ; Manipulate the world as an object ; Leading indicators ; Minimize visual accelerations and rotations ; Ratcheting ; Delay compensation ; Motion platforms ; Reducing gorilla arm ; Warning grids and fade-outs ; Medication -- Adverse health effects: design guidelines : Hardware ; System calibration ; Latency reduction ; General design ; Motion design ; Interaction design ; Usage ; Measuring sickness.Part IV. Content creation : High-level concepts of content creation : Experiencing the story ; The core experience ; Conceptual integrity ; Gestalt perceptual organization -- Environmental design : The scene ; Color and lighting ; Audio ; Sampling and aliasing ; Environmental wayfinding aids ; Real-world content -- Affecting behavior : Personal wayfinding aids ; Center of action ; Field of view ; Casual vs. high-end VR ; Characters, avatars, and social networking -- Transitioning to VR content creation : Paradigm shifts from traditional development to VR development ; Reusing existing content -- Content creation: design guidelines : High-level concepts of content creation ; Environmental design ; Affecting behavior ; Transitioning to VR content creation.Part V. Interaction : Human-centered interaction : Intuitiveness ; Norman's principles of interaction design ; Direct vs. indirect interaction ; The cycle of interaction ; The human hands -- VR interaction concepts : Interaction fidelity ; Proprioceptive and egocentric interaction ; Reference frames ; Speech and gestures ; Modes and flow ; Multimodal interaction ; Beware of sickness and fatigue ; Visual-physical conflict and sensory substitution -- Input devices : Input device characteristics ; Classes of hand input devices ; Classes of non-hand input devices -- Interaction patterns and techniques : Selection patterns ; Manipulation patterns ; Viewpoint control patterns ; Indirect control patterns ; Compound patterns -- Interaction: design guidelines : Human-centered interaction ; VR interaction concepts ; Input devices ; Interaction patterns and techniques.Part VI. Iterative design : Philosophy of iterative design : VR is both an art and a science ; Human-centered design ; Continuous discovery through iteration ; There is no one way, processes are project dependent ; Teams -- The define stage : The vision ; Questions ; Assessment and feasibility ; High-level design considerations ; Objectives ; Key players ; Time and costs ; Risks ; Assumptions ; Project constraints ; Personas ; User stories ; Storyboards ; Scope ; Requirements -- The make stage : Task analysis ; Design specification ; System considerations ; Simulation ; Networked environments ; Prototypes ; Final production ; Delivery -- The learn stage : Communication and attitude ; Research concepts ; Constructivist approaches ; The scientific method ; Data analysis -- Iterative design: design guidelines : Philosophy of iterative design ; The define stage ; The make stage ; The learn stage.Part VII. The future starts now : The present and future state of VR : Selling VR to the masses ; Culture of the VR community ; Communication ; Standards and open source ; Hardware ; The convergence of AR and VR -- Getting started -- Appendix A. Example questionnaire -- Appendix B. Example interview guidelines -- Glossary.Virtual reality (VR) can provide our minds with direct access to digital media in a way that seemingly has no limits. However, creating compelling VR experiences is an incredibly complex challenge. When VR is done well, the results are brilliant and pleasurable experiences that go beyond what we can do in the real world. When VR is done badly, not only do users get frustrated, but they can get sick. There are many causes of bad VR; some failures come from the limitations of technology, but many come from a lack of understanding perception, interaction, design principles, and real users. This book discusses these issues by emphasizing the human element of VR. The fact is, if we do not get the human element correct, then no amount of technology will make VR anything more than an interesting tool confined to research laboratories. Even when VR principles are fully understood, the first implementation is rarely novel and almost never ideal due to the complex nature of VR and the countless possibilities that can be created. The VR principles discussed in this book will enable readers to intelligently experiment with the rules and iteratively design toward innovative experiences.
Subjects: Human-computer interaction.; Virtual reality.;
Available copies: 1 / Total copies: 1
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Art, music, and spectacle in the age of Rubens : the Pompa Introitus Ferdinandi / by Knaap, Anna C.(CARDINAL)342321; Putnam, Michael C. J.(CARDINAL)342320;
Includes bibliographical references and index.This volume deals with the triumphal entry of the Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand, brother of King Philip IV of Spain, into Antwerp in 1635, one of the largest and most spectacular festivals ever mounted in an early modern city. The outdoor festivities in honor of the city's new governor included a citywide procession, performances, fireworks, music, and political speeches. Along the processional route appeared nine richly ornamented stages and arches designed by Peter Paul Rubens and executed by a group of local painters and sculptors, including Jacob Jordaens, Theodoor van Thulden, and Jan van den Hoecke. A group of highly distinguished specialists from different disciplines will discuss the entry and Gevaerts' book from a myriad of viewpoints, including art, architecture, music, theater, history, politics, classical knowledge, and economic and intellectual networks. It is the first time that the entry will be examined from a truly interdisciplinary perspective.Includes audio CD.
Subjects: Sound recordings.; Conference papers and proceedings.; Rubens, Peter Paul, 1577-1640.; Fernando, Infante of Spain, 1609-1641.; Arts, Baroque; Visits of state;
Available copies: 1 / Total copies: 1
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The democratic civilization. by Lipson, Leslie,1912-2000.(CARDINAL)132498;
Bibliography: pages 595-598.1. Introduction -- New conditions and old notions -- What this book is about -- The democratic record -- The general nature of politics -- The social materials -- Creative government -- Ideal goals -- The use of comparisons -- Democracy as a civilizing force -- Part I The criteria of Democracy -- 2. The classical tradition -- The Athenian origins -- The historians' judgment: (1) Herodotus and the Persians -- (2) Thucydides and Pericles -- Decline of Athenian democracy -- The philosophers' analysis: (1) Plato's attack -- (2) Aristotle's summation -- The Greek verdict -- Some unsettled questions -- A premature experiment? -- Hardening of the literary tradition -- Democracy defined by Hobbes, Locke, and Montesquieu -- The direct democracy of Rousseau and Madison -- 3. The modern rebirth -- The authority of the individual -- Individualism in the theories of Hobbes and Locke -- The individual in Rousseau's community -- Ambiguity of the general will -- The democratic impetus of the nineteenth century -- Representation and the change of scale -- Tocqueville on American democracy -- John Stuart Mill on representative government -- The century of the common man.Three views of democracy: (1) Machinery and process -- (2) The values of democratic politics -- (3) Social democracy -- democracy and liberalism -- Nationalism an democracy -- These and variations -- Part II The democratic society -- 4. The spread and limits of democracy -- From revolution to evolution -- British gradualism and example -- Full democracy a recent phenomenon -- The link with imperialism -- Survey of democracies in 1939 -- A contemporary estimate -- The social environment of the political system -- 5. Race relations -- The politics of racial, religious and linguistic groupings -- Characteristics of a divided society -- How such divisions concern democracy -- Government in a racially mixed community -- Racial experience of the United States: (1) Slavery versus democracy -- (2) Democracy versus discrimination -- The struggle of American negroes for equality -- South Africa: The politics of fear -- Apartheid plus the police state -- Brazil's three races -- Equality of races, inequality of classes -- The Hawaiian melting-pot -- The spread of interracial tolerance.6. Language and religion -- Governing people who differ in speech and faith -- A comparison of Spain and Russia -- The rule of intolerance -- The multinational Austrian empire -- The democratic state in mixed communities -- Belgium's split personality -- The two cultures in Canada -- The observations of Lord Durham -- Diversity within a federal union -- The Swiss paradox -- Why the Swiss had to be tolerant -- The unity of the unlike -- Cleavages in modern Switzerland -- Toleration and neutrality -- Equality for dissimilars -- 7. Geopolitics -- Geographical influences on politics -- The physical foundations of states -- Political types in relation to power on land or sea -- Sea power and Athenian democracy -- Land power and the government of Sparta -- The Roman land empire and the loss of the republic -- Russia and Prussia -- Army and autocracy in Germany -- The British navy and domestic liberty -- Oceanic safeguards of the United States -- Generalization from these examples -- Some apparent exceptions: (1) The rise of American land power -- (2) The French army versus the democratic republics -- (3) The Swiss case which proves the rule -- Why navies did not threaten democracy -- Questions about air power and space -- The political cost of armaments -- Contemporary military regimes -- The primacy of politics over arms -- 8. The economic origins -- The political economy -- Economic prerequisites of democracy -- Challenges to feudalism -- The pre-industrial revolutions -- The second stage of revolution -- Industrial economics and maturing democracy -- Class relations in nineteenth-century Britain -- Diagnoses by Disraeli, Marx, and Mill.Agrarian roots of American democracy -- The merger of Jefferson and Hamilton -- Industrial expansion of the United States -- Big government for big business -- The experience of continental Europe -- The middle class in France and Italy -- Unifying the Germans: The liberals or Bismarck -- Weimar or Nazism -- Pivotal role of the middle class -- 9. Modern economic policies -- Economic factors connected with democracy -- Democracy under Agrarian conditions -- (1) The case of Denmark -- (2) The New Zealand parallel -- Is democracy the luxury of the rich? High living standards and democratic states -- A warning about casual inferences -- Capitalism, socialism, and democratic government -- The dilemma of liberalism -- The modern mixed economics -- Public ownership -- The social services -- Planning and regulation -- The American economy and state control -- Contrasts in the affluent society -- The prestige of the businessman -- Future responsibilities of government -- Part III The politics and government of democracy -- 10. The sovereign voters -- Political dynamics and democratic institutions -- Participation by the people -- Removal of obstacles to universal suffrage -- The use of the right to vote -- Reasons for voting and non-voting -- Effects of the electoral system -- Voting in New Zealand, a special case -- Influence on the vote of parties and campaigning -- Political implications of mass voting -- The education of the public -- The frequency of elections -- The popular initiative and referendum -- Distrust of the legislature.11. The two-party system -- The ancestors of parties -- Why parties are essential to democratic government -- The causes of the party system -- The classic two-party model: Great Britain -- Institutional explanations of British parties -- (1) The cabinet and the power to dissolve -- (2) The electoral system -- The social roots of British politics -- Dualism, religious and economic -- Response of the parties to industrialism -- The model exported to Canada, New Zealand, Australia, and South Africa -- Institutional patterns of the four countries -- Their social structures, from simple to complex -- Summary of experience in the older commonwealth -- The two party-systems of the United States -- Alignments in modern American politics -- 12. Politics with many parties -- Characteristics of multipartism -- Reasons for the Swiss party system -- Formation of the parties before World War I -- How the electoral system originally operated -- The switch to proportional representation -- Relative strength of Swiss parties since 1919 -- The radicals and the socialists -- The Catholic-conservatives and the smaller parties -- Stable multipartism in Scandinavia -- The case of the Norwegian Labor Party -- French politics in the third and fourth republics -- "Proving" an untruth -- Institutions molded by the party system -- What the electoral permutations reveal -- Disagreements about first principles -- Timing and sequence of French political events -- Toward an unscientific generalization -- 13. The constitutional order -- The rationale of constitutions -- Aristotle's analysis -- The social content of constitutional forms -- The Brazilian experience -- Requirements for a democratic constitution -- The British constitutional crisis of 1909-11 -- The lessons of those events -- The South African controversy of 1951-56 -- The two cases compared -- Political evolution of the American constitution -- France's perpetual revolution -- The control and transfer of power.14. Political leadership -- Leadership of the democratic style -- The ambivalence of leadership -- The Swiss type of collegial executive -- Party composition of the federal council -- The American presidency -- The quality of presidents -- The functions of a president -- The chief legislator -- The responsibility for foreign relations -- The British cabinet system -- Party influence on the cabinet -- The prime minister -- The premier's position in the ministry -- The choice of a new leader -- The American administration -- The growing resemblance of the presidency and premiership -- Comparison of the three systems -- Part IV The democratic values -- 16. Liberty and equality -- The purpose of a philosophy of democracy -- Contradictions among the traditional concepts -- Critique of Mill's analysis of liberty -- The case for absolute intellectual freedom -- The consequences of expressing opinions -- Ethical value and scientific truth -- Are there limits to tolerance? -- Equality: Identical or proportional -- Status, rewards, and quality -- Government as an equalizer -- Liberty multiplied by equality -- 17. Majority rule, minority rights, and the public good -- An ethical source for government power -- The virtue of consent -- Justifying majority rule -- The rightness of the larger numbers -- The rights of minorities -- Ideals in conflict -- The search for a synthesis -- (1) The natural rights theory -- (2) The quest for the general will -- The wisdom of the fallible -- Why democratic ideals are self-contradictory -- 18. Conclusions -- The social conditions of democracy -- The influences of philosophy -- The mediating role of politics -- The United States and Great Britain -- Switzerland, Denmark, Canada, and New Zealand -- Two categories of democracy -- What follows maturity? -- Fresh fields for democracy -- The negative summing-up -- The positive evaluation.
Subjects: Democracy.;
Available copies: 1 / Total copies: 1
On-line resources: Suggest title for digitization;
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