Search results for [Soil conditioners] at NC Cardinal

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Shrubs : discover the perfect plant for every place in your garden / by McIndoe, Andrew,1956-author.(CARDINAL)472460;

Includes bibliographical references (page 318) and index.A few good reasons to plant your garden with shrubs -- Choosing the right shrub, planting, and care -- Shrubs for challenging growing conditions -- Shrubs for restricted planting spaces -- Shrubs with desirable characteristics.Shrubs are the perfect plant — they are low-maintenance, there is a variety for nearly every need, and they are widely available at garden centers and nurseries. In Shrubs, Andy McIndoe — one of the world’s foremost woody plant experts — offers the information and advice needed to pick the right shrub for every site and condition. With this handy guide, it’s easier than ever to decide which shrubs to add to your home garden. The book includes shrubs for challenging growing conditions, shrubs for restricted planting spaces, and shrubs chosen for their desirable characteristics, including hardiness in shade, difficult soil, and harsh conditions. Each plant profile includes complete growing information, color photographs, and recommended companion plants.

Subjects: Ornamental shrubs.;

Available copies: 6 / Total copies: 6

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Gut and physiology syndrome : natural treatment for allergies, autoimmune illness, arthritis, gut problems, fatigue, hormonal problems / by Campbell-McBride, Natasha,author.(CARDINAL)424048;

Good health begins in the soil inside us! -- What does gut flora do for us? -- Immune system -- Hormones -- The liver and the lungs -- Toxins and parasites -- Bones and teeth -- Problems down below -- GAPS behaviour -- Food addictions -- Food : what GAPS people should eat and what should be avoided -- Treatment -- GAPS diet -- GAPS mealtime ritual -- What we shall eat and why, with some recipes -- Vegetarianism -- One man's meat is another man's poison! -- Nutritional supplement for GAPS people -- Detoxification for people with gut and physiology syndrome -- Bowel management -- Healing -- Mind over matter -- A few last notes -- A-Z : GAPS conditions in alphabetic order.Since the publication of the first GAPS book, Gut and Psychology Syndrome, in 2004, the GAPS concept has become a global phenomenon. People all over the world have been using the GAPS Nutritional Protocol for healing from physical and mental illnesses. The first GAPS book focused on learning disabilities and mental illness. This new book, Gut and Physiology Syndrome, focuses on the rest of the human body and completes the GAPS concept. Allergies, autoimmune illness, digestive problems, neurological and endocrine problems, asthma, eczema, chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia, psoriasis and chronic cystitis, arthritis and many other chronic degenerative illnesses are covered. Dr. Campbell-McBride believes that the link between physical and mental health, the food and drink that we take, and the condition of our digestive system is absolute. The clinical experience of many holistic doctors supports this position.

Subjects: Gastrointestinal system; Functional foods.; Digestive organs;

Available copies: 0 / Total copies: 2

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Cutting gardens / by Halpin, Anne Moyer.(CARDINAL)316787; Mackey, Betty.(CARDINAL)358211;

Includes bibliographical references and index."A Roundtable Press book." Mackey, Bettyand its most popular uses in a bouquet or arrangement. With this feature alone, Cutting Gardens is destined to become one of your most favorite and frequently consulted gardening books.grasses, as well as vines, shrubs, and even trees. And there are cutting flowers that can thrive in a wide range of soil conditions. Filled with hundreds of lush color photos of gardens and plants, Cutting Gardens will inspire you to plant the flowers you love. If you're new to gardening, you can begin with easy-to-grow marigolds and zinnias, and if you're more experienced, you'll find advice on how to grow such finicky favorites as delphiniums and phlox. Chapter One.how to grow the flowers, from preparing the soil to cleaning up in the fall, suggestions designed to ensure success. And in Chapter Four, you'll learn how to cut, condition, and arrange your flowers so that they last as long as possible. The balance of this useful and inspiring book is devoted to an illustrated encyclopedia of 200 plants, providing a handy reference that lists the hardiness, growing conditions, best time for planting, care, conditioning of each plant,offers concrete advice on planning - the first step toward achieving the cutting garden of your dreams. And a handy Flower Color Guide lets you see at a glance the full range of colors available for hundreds of different species. Garden plans for 10 different kinds of cutting gardens are featured in Chapter Two. Depending on your own garden, you can either copy the plans provided or adapt one or more to your own landscape. Important advice in Chapter Three demonstrates.One of the gardener's greatest pleasures is harvesting fragrant, colorful blossoms throughout the growing season. To bring fresh flowers indoors - with their heavenly scents, exquisite colors, and wonderful shapes and textures - is to bring indoors a little piece of paradise. Growing flowers especially for cutting is not difficult, and the range of suitable plants is surprisingly diverse, including many species of annuals, perennials, bulbs, herbs, and ornamental.

Subjects: Cut flowers.; Flower arrangement.; Flower gardening.; Flowers.;

Available copies: 7 / Total copies: 8

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The indentured heart / by Morris, Gilbert.(CARDINAL)737418;

The Indentured Heart opens another chapter in the compelling saga of the Winslow family. Pre-Revolutionary America was stirring the flames for freedom and the Great Awakening under Jonathan Edwards was renewing a nation's spiritual values. Adam Winslow, a man of the soil, has different interests and skills than his father and grandfather. But their patriotism and spiritual fervor have left their imprint on his personality. And far off in England a young beggar girl is about to be given the chance of a lifetime. Molly Burns has lived under the constant terror of her drunken, abusive father, but rescue comes to her doorstep in the person of Adam Winslow. He promises to bring her safely to America on the condition that she become an indentured servant for ten years. Escape from her wretched circumstances and the distant glimmer of freedom in a new land help to make her decision. But this young servant girl had no way to knowing that she would be bound by more than indentureship to the Winslows.--backcover930LAccelerated Reader AR

Subjects: Historical fiction.; Christian fiction.; Domestic fiction.; Winslow family (Fictitious characters); Indentured servants; Indentured servants; Families;

Available copies: 30 / Total copies: 31

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Memoirs of a captivity among the Indians of North America : from childhood to the age of nineteen ; with anecdotes descriptive of their manners and customs, to which is added, some account of the soil, climate and vegetable productions of the territory westward of the Mississippi / by Hunter, John Dunn,1798?-1827.(CARDINAL)127955;

Memoirs of a captivity among the Indians of North America, from the author's earliest recollection to his assumption of the habits of civilized life -- Manners and customs of several Indian tribes located west of the Mississippi; including some observations on the extent, aspect, and natural productions and circumstances of the country they inhabit -- Of the extent, aspect, soil, and climate of the country, distinguished at present by the name of the Missouri and Arkansas Territories -- Brief remarks on some of the animals, plants, and minerals, indigenous to this district of country -- Considerations of the physical and moral condition of the Indians -- Brief statistical remarks on the Kickapoo, Kansas, and Osage Indians -- Views of theocracy, religion, agency of good and bad spirits ; of the soul and its migration ; religious rites ; prophets, priests, and physicians ; dreams, &c. -- Courtship, marriage, widowhood, polygamy, divorcements, continuance of families, adoption of children, Indian names, disposition of the infirm and poor -- Family government, occupation and economy, birth, nursing and education of infants, education and amusement of youth, games of chance, modes of salutation, treatment of strangers, forms of visits, feasts, festivals, &c. -- Hunting, fishing, agriculture, manufactures, currency, and trade -- Crimes and modes of punishment -- Manner of counting time, traditions, tumuli, monuments, &c. -- Policy, councils, transaction of public business generally, election of chiefs, reception of ambassadors, peace runners, &c. -- Patriotism, martial character and propensity, war implements, preparations for management and termination of war, &c. -- Residence, dress, painting, food, diseases, treatment of the sick, disposal of the dead, mournings, &c. -- Observations on civilizing the American Indians -- Indian anecdotes -- Observations on the materia medica of the Indians -- Observations on the Indian practice of surgery and medicine -- A short description of the practice of physic among several tribes of the Western Indians of North America who reside on the waters of the Missouri and Mississippi.

Subjects: Captivity narratives.; Autobiographies.; Hunter, John Dunn, 1798?-1827.; Indian captivities.; Indians of North America; Old State Library Collection.;

Available copies: 1 / Total copies: 1

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Nothin' but blue skies : the heyday, hard times, and hopes of America's industrial heartland / by McClelland, Ted.(CARDINAL)464736;

Includes bibliographical references (pages 329-332) and index.Prologue: Gus's Bar -- The Sit-Down Striker -- Arsenal of Democracy -- Motor City is Burning -- Burn on Big River -- I'm a Flintoid -- A Rust Bowl -- Homestead -- New Jack Cities -- The Smell of Money -- We're All Going to End up in Chicago -- Nature Always Bats Last -- Lackawanna Blues -- The Second Great Recession -- The Corner of Palmer and Jesus Saves -- Flintstones -- This is Not Your Father's Oldsmobile."The Upper Midwest and Great Lakes region became the "arsenal of democracy"-the greatest manufacturing center in the world-in the years during and after World War II, thanks to natural advantages and a welcoming culture. Decades of unprecedented prosperity followed, memorably punctuated by riots, strikes, burning rivers, and oil embargoes. A vibrant, quintessentially American character bloomed in the region's cities, suburbs, and backwaters. But the innovation and industry that defined the Rust Belt also helped to hasten its demise. An air conditioner invented in Upstate New York transformed the South from a sweaty backwoods to a non-unionized industrial competitor. Japan and Germany recovered from their defeat to build fuel-efficient cars in the stagnant 1970s. The tentpole factories that paid workers so well also filled the air with soot, and poisoned waters and soil. The jobs drifted elsewhere, and many of the people soon followed suit. Nothin' but Blue Skies tells the story of how the country's industrial heartland grew, boomed, bottomed, and hopes to be reborn. Through a propulsive blend of storytelling and reportage, celebrated writer Edward McClelland delivers the rise, fall, and revival of the Rust Belt and its people."--Publisher's website.

Subjects: Industries; Industries; Social change; Social change; Working class; Working class;

Available copies: 1 / Total copies: 1

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Engineering principles and practices for retrofitting flood-prone residential structures. by United States.Federal Emergency Management Agency.(CARDINAL)137480;

Includes bibliographical references.Chapter 1: Introduction To Retrofitting: -- 1-1: Goals and intended users -- 1-2: Organization of the manual -- 1-3: Methods of retrofitting -- 1-3-1: Elevation -- 1-3-1-1: Elevation on solid perimeter foundation walls -- 1-3-1-2: Elevation on open foundation systems -- 1-3-2: Relocation -- 1-3-3: Dry floodproofing -- 1-3-4: Wet floodproofing -- 1-3-5: Floodwalls and levees -- 1-4: Considerations when retrofitting -- 1-5: Retrofitting process -- 1-5-1: Other retrofitting guides -- Chapter 2: Regulatory Requirements: -- 2-1: National flood insurance program -- 2-1-1: Flood hazard information -- 2-1-1-1: Flood insurance rate maps -- 2-1-1-2: Flood insurance studies -- 2-1-2: Floodplain management regulations -- 2-1-3: Insurance program -- 2-1-4: NFIP flood-prone building performance requirements -- 2-2: Community regulations and the permitting process -- 2-3: National model building codes -- 2-4: Consensus standards -- Chapter 3: Parameters Of Retrofitting: -- 3-1: Determination of homeowner preferences -- 3-1-1: Initial homeowner meeting -- 3-1-2: Initial site visit -- 3-1-3: Aesthetic concerns -- 3-1-4: Economic considerations -- 3-1-5: Risk considerations -- 3-1-6: Accessibility for individuals with special needs -- 3-2: Community regulations and permitting -- 3-2-1: Local codes -- 3-2-2: Building systems/code upgrades -- 3-2-3: Off-site flooding impacts -- 3-3: Technical parameters -- 3-3-1: Flooding characteristics -- 3-3-1-1: Flood depth and elevation -- 3-3-1-2: Flood flow velocity -- 3-3-1-3: Flood frequency -- 3-3-1-4: Rates of rise and fall -- 3-3-1-5: Flood duration -- 3-3-1-6: Debris impact -- 3-3-2: Site characteristics -- 3-3-2-1: Site location -- 3-3-2-2: Vulnerability to erosion -- 3-3-2-3: Soil type -- 3-3-3: Building characteristics -- 3-3-3-1: Substructure -- 3-3-3-2: Superstructure -- 3-3-3-3: Support services -- 3-3-3-4: Building construction -- 3-3-3-5: Building condition -- 3-4: Balancing historic preservation with flood protection -- 3-5: Multiple hazards -- 3-5-1: Earthquake forces -- 3-5-2: Wind forces -- Chapter 4: Determination Of Hazards: -- 4-1: Analysis of flood-related hazards -- 4-1-1: Determining flood elevations -- 4-1-1-1: Riverine areas -- 4-1-1-2: Coastal areas -- 4-1-2: Flood forces and loads -- 4-1-2-1: Flood depth and floodproofing design depth -- 4-1-2-2: Hydrostatic forces -- 4-1-2-3: Lateral hydrostatic forces -- 4-1-2-4: Saturated soil forces -- 4-1-2-5: Combined saturated soil and water forces -- 4-1-2-6: Vertical hydrostatic forces -- 4-1-2-7: Hydrodynamic forces -- 4-1-2-8: High velocity hydrodynamic forces -- 4-1-2-9: Impact loads -- 4-1-2-10: Riverine erosion -- 4-1-3: Site drainage -- 4-1-4: Movable bed streams -- 4-1-5: Analysis of non-flood-related hazards -- 4-1-6: Wind forces -- 4-1-7: Seismic forces -- 4-1-8: Combining forces -- 4-1-9: Protection of the structure -- 4-1-10: Protection of non-structural building components and building contents -- 4-1-11: Land subsidence -- 4-2: Geotechnical considerations -- 4-2-1: Allowable bearing capacity -- 4-2-2: Scour potential -- 4-2-2-1: Frost zone considerations -- 4-2-2-2: Permeability -- 4-2-2-3: Shrink-swell potential --Chapter 5: General Design Practices: -- 5-1: Field investigation -- 5-1-1: Local building requirements -- 5-1-2: Surveys -- 5-1-3: Structure survey -- 5-1-4: Topographic survey -- 5-1-5: Site utilities survey -- 5-1-6: Hazard determinations -- 5-1-7: Documentation of existing building systems -- 5-1-8: Homeowner preferences -- 5-1-9: Homeowner coordination -- 5-1-10: Maintenance programs and emergency action plans -- 5-2: Analysis of existing structure -- 5-2-1: Structural reconnaissance -- 5-2-2: Footings and foundations systems -- 5-2-3: Bearing capacity of footings -- 5-2-4: Bearing capacity of foundation walls -- 5-2-5: Lateral loads -- 5-2-6: Vertical loads -- 5-2-7: Dead loads -- 5-2-8: Live loads -- 5-2-9: Roof snow loads -- 5-2-10: Calculation of vertical, dead, live, and snow loads -- 5-2-11: Capacity versus loading -- 5-2-12: Load combination scenarios -- 5-2-13: Strength design method -- 5-2-14: Allowable stress method -- Chapter 5D: Dry Floodproofing: -- 5D-1: Emergency operations plan -- 5D-2: Inspection and maintenance plan -- 5D-3: Sealants and shields -- 5D-4: Field investigation -- 5D-5: Confirm structure is designed to accommodate dry floodproofing measures -- 5D-6: Selection and design of sealant systems -- 5D-6-1: Coatings -- 5D-6-2: Wrapped systems -- 5D-6-3: Brick veneer systems -- 5D-7: Selection and design of shield systems -- 5D-7-1: Plate shields -- 5D-8: Construction considerations for sealants and shields -- 5D-9: Drainage collection systems -- 5D-9-1: French drains -- 5D-9-2: Exterior underdrain systems -- 5D-9-3: Interior drain system -- 5D-9-4: Types of sump pumps -- 5D-9-5: Infiltration versus inundation -- 5D-9-6: Coordination with other floodproofing methods -- 5D-9-7: Field investigation -- 5D-9-8: Design -- 5D-10: Backflow valves -- 5D-10-1: Field investigation -- 5D-10-2: Design -- 5D-11: Emergency power -- 5D-11-1: Field investigation -- 5D-11-2: Design -- 5D-11-3: Construction -- 5D-12: Non-residential construction -- 5D-12-1: Permanent closure of openings -- 5D-12-2: Watertight core areas -- 5D-12-3: Enhanced flood shields -- 5D-12-4: Moveable floodwalls -- 5D-12-5: Pressure relief systems -- Chapter 5E: Elevation: -- 5E-1: Types of residential structures that can be elevated -- 5E-1-1: Houses over a crawlspace -- 5E-1-2: Houses over basements -- 5E-1-2-1: Design of openings in foundation walls for intentional flooding of enclosed areas below the DFE -- 5E-1-3: Houses on piers, columns, or piles -- 5E-1-4: Slab-on-grade houses -- 5E-1-4-1: Elevating a slab-on-grade wood-frame house -- 5E-1-4-2: Elevating a slab-on-grade masonry house -- 5E-1-5: Heavy building materials/complex design -- 5E-2: Field investigation concerns -- 5E-2-1: Property inspection and existing data review -- 5E-2-2: Code search -- 5E-3: Design -- 5E-4: Construction considerations -- 5E-4-1: Slab-on-grade house, not raising slab with house -- 5E-4-2: Slab-on-grade house, raising slab -- 5E-4-3: House over crawlspace/basement-- 5E-4-4: House on piers, columns, or piles -- Chapter 5F: Floodwalls And Levees: -- 5F-1: Floodwalls -- 5F-1-1: Types of floodwalls --5F-1-1-1: Gravity floodwall -- 5F-1-1-2: Cantilever floodwall -- 5F-1-1-3: Buttressed floodwall -- 5F-1-1-4: Counterfort floodwall -- 5F-1-2: Field investigation for floodwalls -- 5F-1-3: Floodwall design -- 5F-1-3-1: Floodwall design (selection and sizing) -- 5F-1-3-2: Floodwall design (simplified approach) -- 5F-1-4: Floodwall appurtenances -- 5F-1-4-1: Floodwall closures -- 5F-1-4-2: Drainage systems -- 5F-1-5: Floodwall seepage and leakage -- 5F-1-5-1: Seepage through the floodwall -- 5F-1-5-2: Seepage under the floodwall -- 5F-1-5-3: Leakage between the floodwall and residence -- 5F-1-6: Floodwall architectural details -- 5F-1-7: Floodwall construction -- 5F-2: Levees -- 5F-2-1: Levee field investigation -- 5F-2-2: Levee design -- 5F-2-2-1: Standard levee design criteria -- 5F-2-2-2: Initial levee design phases -- 5F-2-3: Levee seepage concerns -- 5F-2-3-1: Scouring/levee slope protection -- 5F-2-3-2: Interior levee drainage -- 5F-2-3-3: Levee maintenance -- 5F-2-3-4: Levee cost -- 5F-2-4: Levee construction -- 5F-2-4-1: Levee soil suitability -- 5F-2-4-2: Levee compaction requirements -- 5F-2-4-3: Levee settlement allowance -- 5F-2-4-4: Levee borrow area restrictions -- 5F-2-4-5: Access across levee --Chapter 5R: Relocation: -- 5R-1: Step 1: Select the house moving contractor -- 5R-2: Step 2: Analyze the existing site and structure -- 5R-3: Step 3: Select, analyze, and design the new site -- 5R-4: Step 4: Prepare the existing site -- 5R-5: Step 5: Analyze and prepare the moving route -- 5R-6: Step 6: Prepare the structure -- 5R-7: Step 7: Prepare the new site -- 5R-8: Step 8: Move the structure -- 5R-9: Step 9: Restore the old site -- Chapter 5W: Wet Floodproofing: -- 5W-1: Protection of the structure -- 5W-1-1: Foundations -- 5W-1-2: Cavity walls -- 5W-1-3: Solid walls -- 5W-2: Use of flood-resistant materials -- 5W-3: Building operations and maintenance procedures and emergency preparedness plans -- 5W-3-1: Flood warning system -- 5W-3-2: Inspection and maintenance plan -- 5W-3-3: Emergency operations plan -- 5W-3-4: Protection of utility systems -- 5W-4: Elevation -- 5W-5: In-place protection -- 5W-6: Field investigation -- 5W-7: Design overview -- 5W-8: Electrical systems -- 5W-9: Heating, ventilating, and air conditioning systems -- 5W-10: Fuel supply/storage systems -- 5W-11: Water systems -- 5W-12: Sewer systems -- 5W-13: Calculation of buoyancy forces -- 5W-14: Construction/implementation -- Chapter 6: Case Studies: -- 6-1: Case Study #1: Residential retrofit in Riverine Floodplain using elevation or relocation -- 6-1-1: Description of property -- 6-1-2: Structure information -- 6-1-3: Retrofit options selection -- 6-1-4: Load calculations -- 6-1-5: Supporting documentation -- 6-1-6: Real world examples -- 6-2: Case Study #2: Residential retrofit in coastal A zone using elevation or acquisition -- 6-2-1: Description of property -- 6-2-2: Structure information -- 6-2-3: Retrofit options selection -- 6-2-4: Load calculations -- 6-2-5: Supporting documentation -- 6-2-6: Real world examples -- 6-3: Case Study #3: Residential retrofit outside of the floodplain using dry or wet floodproofing -- 6-3-1: Description of property -- 6-3-2: Structure information -- 6-3-3: Retrofit options selection -- 6-3-4: Load calculations -- 6-3-5: Supporting documentation -- 6-3-6: Real world examples -- 6-4: Case Study #4: Residential retrofit outside of the floodplain using floodwalls or levees -- 6-4-1: Description of property -- 6-4-2: Structure information -- 6-4-3: Retrofit options selection -- 6-4-4: Load calculations -- 6-4-5: Drainage requirements -- 6-4-6: Supporting documentation -- 6-4-7: Real world examples -- Appendices: Appendix A: Sources of FEMA funding -- Appendix B: Understanding the FEMA benefit-cost analysis process -- Appendix C: Sample design calculations -- Appendix D: Alluvial fan flooding -- Appendix E: References -- Appendix F: Other resources -- Appendix G: Summary of NFIP requirements and best practices -- Appendix H: Acronyms.Synopsis: The third edition of this document is intended to further aid homeowners in selecting and successfully executing a flood retrofit on their home. Engineering design and economic guidance on what constitutes feasible and cost-effective retrofitting measures for flood-prone residential and non-residential structures are presented. Elevation, relocation, dry floodproofing, wet floodproofing, and the use of levees and floodwalls to mitigate flood hazards are discussed. This edition was updated to be more user-friendly and concise, the overall length of the publication has been shortened.

Subjects: Buildings; Dwellings; Flood damage prevention.;

Available copies: 1 / Total copies: 1

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Natality : toward a philosophy of birth / by Banks, Jennifer,(Editor)Author(DLC)no2023052989;

Includes bibliographical references (pages 211-236) and index.The miracle that saves the world -- The soil is still rich enough -- The soul most alive to tenderness -- The workshop of filthy creation -- To be the instrument -- The will to change -- Ancient properties.Birth is one of the most fraught and polarized issues of our time, at the center of debates on abortion, gender, work, and medicine. But birth is not solely an issue; it is a fundamental part of the human condition, and, alongside death, the most consequential event in human life. Yet it remains dramatically unexplored. Although we have long intellectual traditions of wrestling with mortality, few have ever heard of natality, the term political theorist Hannah Arendt used to describe birth's active role in our lives. In this ambitious, revelatory book, Jennifer Banks begins with Arendt's definition of natality as the "miracle that saves the world" to develop an expansive framework for birth's philosophical, political, spiritual, and aesthetic significance. Banks focuses on seven renowned western thinkers--Arendt, Friedrich Nietzsche, Mary Wollstonecraft, Mary Shelley, Sojourner Truth, Adrienne Rich, and Toni Morrison--to reveal a provocative countertradition of birth. She narrates these writers' own experiences alongside the generative ways they contended with natality in their work. Passionately intelligent and wide-ranging, Natality invites readers to attend to birth as a challenging and life-affirming reminder of our shared humanity and our capacity for creative renewal.

Subjects: Birth (Philosophy); Fertility, Human; Childbirth.;

Available copies: 1 / Total copies: 1

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Assessing the long-term performance of mechanically stabilized earth walls / by Gerber, Travis M.(CARDINAL)311646; United States.Federal Highway Administration.(CARDINAL)139839; American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.(CARDINAL)138446; National Cooperative Highway Research Program.(CARDINAL)281856; National Research Council (U.S.).Transportation Research Board.(CARDINAL)141287;

Includes bibliographical references (pages 29-30)."Mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) walls are an important class of infrastructure assets whose long-term performance depends on various factors. As with most all other classes of assets, MSE walls need periodic inspection and assessment of performance. To date, some agencies have established MSE wall monitoring programs, whereas others are looking for guidance, tools, and funding to establish their own monitoring programs. The objective of this synthesis project is to determine how transportation agencies monitor, assess, and predict the long-term performance of MSE walls. The information used to develop this synthesis came from a literature review together with a survey and interviews. Of the 52 U.S. and 12 Canadian targeted survey recipients, 39 and five, respectively, responded. This synthesis reveals that unlike bridges and pavements, MSE walls and retaining walls in general are often overlooked as assets. Fewer than one-quarter of state-level transportation agencies in the United States have developed some type of MSE wall inventory beyond that which may be captured as part of their bridge inventories. Fewer still have the methods and means to populate their inventories with data from ongoing inspections from which assessments of wall performance can be made. In the United States, there is no widely used, consistently applied system for managing MSE walls. Wall inventory and monitoring practices vary between agencies. This synthesis examines existing practices concerning the nature, scope, and extent of existing MSE wall inventories. It also examines the collection of MSE wall data, including the types of performance data collected, how they are maintained in wall inventories and databases, the frequency of inventory activities, and assessment practices relevant to reinforcement corrosion and degradation. Later parts of this synthesis discuss how MSE wall performance data are assessed, interpreted, and used in asset management decisions. This synthesis finds that the most well-implemented wall inventory and assessment system in the United States is the Wall Inventory Program developed by FHWA for the National Park Service. However, this system, like some others, uses 'condition narratives' in a process that can be somewhat cumbersome and subjective. Other systems use more direct numeric scales to describe wall conditions, and an advantage of such systems is that they are often compatible with those used in assessments of bridges. As experience with MSE walls accumulates, agencies will likely continue to develop, refine, and better calibrate procedures affecting design, construction, condition assessment, and asset management decisions. One portion of this synthesis is dedicated to summarizing the actions taken thus far by survey respondents to improve the long-term performance of their MSE walls. Many agencies prescribe the use of a pre-approved wall design and/or wall supplier. Other actions or policies frequently focus on drainage-related issues"--Summary.Research sponsored by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration

Subjects: Technical reports.; Reinforced soils.; Retaining walls.; Retaining walls;

Available copies: 1 / Total copies: 1

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Study of LTPP laboratory resilient modulus test data and response characteristics : final report / by Yau, Amber.(CARDINAL)312565; Von Quintus, H. L.(Harold L.)(CARDINAL)310791; United States.Federal Highway Administration.(CARDINAL)139839; Fugro-BRE, Inc.(CARDINAL)286916; Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center.(CARDINAL)286897;

Includes bibliographical references (page 161).Final report;"The resilient modulus of every unbound structural layer of the Long Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) Specific Pavement and General Pavement Studies Test Sections is being measured in the laboratory using LTPP test protocol P46. A total of 2,014 resilient modulus tests have passed all quality control checks and are included in the LTPP database with a Level E data status. As of October 2000, there were 1,639 resilient modulus tests yet to be performed. In some cases, these missing tests may have been performed, but did not achieve a Level E status (did not pass all quality control checks) in the LTPP database. However, these test results have not been evaluated in detail. This report documents the first comprehensive review and evaluation of the resilient modulus test data measured on pavement materials and soils recovered from the LTPP test sections. The resilient modulus data were reviewed in detail to identify anomalies or potential errors in the database. From this review, a total of 185 resilient modulus tests were identified with possible problems or data entry errors. These tests were reported to FHWA for further review and/or retesting. The resilient modulus test data were found generally to be in excellent condition with less than 10 percent of the tests exhibiting potential anomalies or discrepancies in the data"--Tech. report doc. page.Prepared by Fugro-BRE, Inc. in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration under contract no.

Subjects: Technical reports.; Pavements; Pavements;

Available copies: 1 / Total copies: 1

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