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Effectiveness of changeable message signs in controlling vehicle speeds in work zones / by Garber, Nicholas J.(CARDINAL)312196; Patel, Surbhi T.(CARDINAL)314588; Virginia Transportation Research Council.(CARDINAL)195142;
Includes bibliographical references (pages 58-61).Final report.Work zone speeds have customarily been regulated by standard regulatory or advisory speed signs. However, most drivers do not slow down in response to these static speed control measures. The changeable message sign (CMS) with radar unit has dynamic capabilities which may be more effective in altering driver behavior. The radar, attached directly to the CMS, determines the actual speed of individual vehicles in the traffic stream. Upon detecting a speed higher than a preset threshold limit, the CMS can display a personalized warning message. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the CMS with radar unit in reducing work zone speeds. Four CMS messages designed to warn drivers that their speed exceeded the maximum safe speed were tested at seven work zones on two interstate highways in Virginia. Speed and volume data for the whole population traveling through the work zone were collected with automatic traffic counters. To assess the effect of CMS on high-speed drivers in particular, vehicles that triggered the radar-activated display were videotaped as they passed through the work zone. Using the data obtained from the traffic counters and videotapes, speed characteristics were determined at the beginning, middle, and end of the work zone. These characteristics were computed for the whole population and for high-speed vehicles separately. Statistical tests were then conducted using these speed characteristics to determine whether significant reductions in speed accompanied the use of CMS. Odds ratios were first calculated to compare the odds for speeding when using CMS with the odds for speeding when using the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) signing only. These odds ratios indicated that CMS effectively reduced the number of vehicles speeding by any amount, by 5 mph or more, and by 10 mph or more in the work zone. When analysis of variance was used to compare speeds when using the CMS with speeds when using MUTCD signing only, all of the speed characteristics average speeds, 85th percentile speeds, speed variance, and the percentage of vehicles speeding by any amount, by 5 mph or more, and by 10 mph or more were reduced with any of the four CMS messages. In some cases, these reductions were not significant at a= 0.05. The messages were rated according to their level of effectiveness in the following order: [1] YOU ARE SPEEDING SLOW DOWN, [2] HIGH SPEED SLOW DOWN, [3] REDUCE SPEED IN WORK ZONE, and [4] EXCESSIVE SPEED SLOW DOWN. Finally, t tests were conducted using the speed data obtained for the high-speed vehicles, and at a significance level of ct 0.05, all of the messages were effective in significantly reducing the average speeds of those vehicles traveling 59 mph or faster in a 55 mph work zone when compared to MUTCD signing only.Sponsored by Virginia Department of Transportation, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, under contract no.
Subjects: Technical reports.; Roads; Speed limits; Traffic signs and signals;
Available copies: 1 / Total copies: 1
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Satellite remote sensing of submerged aquatic vegetation distribution and status in the Currituck Sound, NC / by Nelson, Stacy A. C.(CARDINAL)315507; Hartis, Brett M.; North Carolina.Department of Transportation.Research and Analysis Group.(CARDINAL)272064; North Carolina State University.Center for Earth Observation and Geospatial Sciences.; North Carolina State University.Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources.;
Includes bibliographical references (pages 66-68).Final report;Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV) is an important component in any estuarine ecosystem. As such, it is regulated by federal and state agencies as a jurisdictional resource, where impacts to SAV are compensated through mitigation. Historically, traditional detection methodologies have been proven to be ineffective or inappropriate for SAV mitigation over very large areas. These tasks are further complicated in that the location and density of SAV can change from year to year depending on variances in weather and water quality. Satellite remote sensing holds great promise for providing a labor and cost-effective means of monitoring and quantifying SAV distribution. For this analysis, sensor specific models based on multinomial logit procedures proved to be the best approach for predicting SAV presence or absence. No models could be developed for low distribution occurrence categories due to a low ratio of events to non-events. Statistical automated selection methods were developed to produce the final models we selected for each sensor. The use of the automated best-subsets method allowed for exploration of a number of potential candidate models based on the number of variables input in the model. The automated stepwise selection method led to the final, most reasonable model as decided upon in the best-subset procedure. For a variable to enter into or remain in the model, a p-value of <0.01 was necessary. A model was considered fit if the Hosmer and Lemeshow test yielded an insignificant difference in groups (p>0.05). Sensor specific models were developed for both the Quickbird and Worldview-II sensors, however LANDSAT 5 specific models were inconclusive largely due to quality of the data.Performed by Center for Earth Observation and Geospatial Sciences, Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, sponsored by North Carolina Department of Transportation, Research and Analysis Group
Subjects: Aquatic plants; Estuarine health; Plant genome mapping; Submerged lands; Wetland mitigation;
Available copies: 6 / Total copies: 7
On-line resources: https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890; https://digital.ncdcr.gov/documents/detail/3693890;
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Principles of robotics & artificial intelligence / by Renneboog, Richard,editor.(CARDINAL)891845;
Includes bibliographical references (pages 429-467) and index.Extreme Value Theorem -- F -- Facial Recognition Technology in Surveillance -- Fuzzy Logic -- G -- Game Theory -- Geoinformatics -- Go -- Grammatology -- Graphene -- Graphics Technologies -- H -- Holographic Technology -- Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) -- Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) -- I -- Integral -- Internet of Things (IoT) -- Interoperability -- K -- Kinematics -- L -- Language Model for Dialogue Applications (LaMDA) -- Limit of a Function -- Linear Programming -- Linux -- Local Area Network (LAN) -- M -- Machine Code -- Machine Learning -- Machine Translation -- Magnetic Storage -- Mechatronics -- Microcomputer -- Microprocessor -- Motion (Physics) -- Multitasking -- N -- Nanotechnology -- Network Interface Controller (NIC) -- Network Topology -- Neural Engineering -- Nouvelle Artificial Intelligence -- Numerical Analysis -- O -- Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) -- Optical Storage -- P -- Parallel Computing -- Pattern Recognition -- Photogrammetry -- Pneumatics -- Probability and Statistics -- Programming Languages for Artificial Intelligence -- Proportionality -- Public-Key Cryptography -- Python -- Q -- Quantum Computing -- R -- R -- Replication -- Robotic Arms -- Robotic Process Automation (RPA) -- Robotics -- Robotics and Robotic Systems -- Ruby -- S -- Scale Model -- Scratch -- Self-Management -- Semantic Web -- Sequence -- Series -- Set Notation -- Siri -- Smart City -- Smart Homes -- Smart Label -- Smartphone -- Soft Robotics -- Solar Cell -- Space Drone -- Space Robotics -- Speech Recognition -- Stem-and-Leaf Plots -- Structured Query Language (SQL) -- Stuxnet -- Supercomputer -- T Tablet Computer -- Turing Test -- U -- UNIX -- V -- Video Game Design and Programming -- Virtual Reality -- Z -- Z3 -- Zombie -- Bibliography -- Glossary -- Organizations -- Index.Table of Contents -- Publisher's Note -- Introduction -- Contributors -- A -- Abstraction -- Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) -- Agile Robotics -- Algorithmic Bias -- Algorithms -- Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) -- Application Programming Interface (API) -- Artificial Consciousness -- Artificial Intelligence (AI) -- Artificial Intelligence and Terrorism -- Artificial Intelligence Cold War -- Artificial Intelligence in Cognitive Psychology -- Artificial Intelligence in Education -- Artificial Intelligence and Robotics in Cinema -- Artificial Intelligence and Robotics in Gaming -- Artificial Intelligence and Robotics in Literature -- Augmented Reality (AR) -- Automated Processes and Servomechanisms -- Automatons, Mechanical Creatures, and Artificial Intelligence in Mythology -- Autonomous Car -- Avatars and Simulation -- B -- Behavioral Neuroscience -- Binary Pattern -- Biomechanical Engineering -- Biomechanics -- Biomimetics -- Bionics and Biomedical Engineering -- C -- C -- C++ -- Charles Babbage's Difference and Analytical Engines -- Chatbot -- ChatGPT (software) -- Client-Server Architecture -- CNC Milling -- Cognitive Science -- Combinatorics -- Computed Tomography -- Computer Engineering -- Computer Languages, Compilers, and Tools -- Computer Memory -- Computer Networks -- Computer Simulation -- Computer Software -- Computer Viruses and Worms -- Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) -- Computing Devices in History -- Continuous Random Variable -- Cryptography and Encryption -- Cybernetics -- Cybersecurity -- Cyberspace -- D -- The Dark Side of Artificial Intelligence -- Data Analytics (DA) -- Deep Learning -- Deep Reinforcement Learning (deep RL) -- Deepfake -- Digital Fraud -- Digital Logic -- DNA Computing -- Domain-Specific Language (DSL) -- E -- Evaluating Expressions -- Existential Risk from Artificial General Intelligence -- Expert System."This volume provides readers with the important information they need to understand the basic concepts of artificial intelligence as well as ways that both AI and robotics can be successfully incorporated into manufacturing, transportation, education, and medicine. This new edition has been updated and expanded to include the latest developments in artificial intelligence, including ChatGPT and other chatbots, machine learning, and open-source AI. The text also discusses the role AI and robotics play in popular culture and modern society, recent calls to regulate the artificial intelligence industry and how the industry is expected to evolve in the future. More than 120 easy-to-understand entries, many with illustrations and photographs, cover: Augmented Reality; Machine Learning; Knowledge Acquisition; Pattern Recognition; Self-Management; Virtual Reality. These entries cover many important aspects of AI and robotics, including basic principles of robotic motion and engineering, neural engineering and human-computer interaction, programming languages and operating systems, and the mathematics that govern computation. The role of robotics and AI in war, fraud, and terrorism is also examined, as well as how these fields are portrayed in popular culture, which ultimately reflects how we perceive the line between human and machine. Entries begin by specifying related Fields of Study, followed by an Abstract and then a list of Key Concepts summarizing important points; all entries end with a helpful Further Reading section." -From publisher.
Subjects: Reference works.; Robotics.; Artificial intelligence.;
Available copies: 3 / Total copies: 3
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NCLEX-RN : strategies, practice, and review / by Irwin, Barbara J.(CARDINAL)545827; Burckhardt, Judith A.(CARDINAL)534481; Kaplan Publishing.(CARDINAL)350115;
NCLEX-RN Exam Overview And Test-Taking Strategies. Overview of the NCLEX-RN exam -- What is the NCLEX-RN exam? -- Content of the NCLEX-RN exam -- General and computer-adaptive test strategies: -- Standardized exams -- What behaviors does the NCLEX-RN exam test? -- Strategies that don't work on the NCLEX-RN exam -- Becoming a better test taker -- NCLEX-RN exam question types -- Alternate test questions -- Multiple-choice test questions -- Critical thinking strategies -- Reword the question -- Eliminate incorrect answer choices -- Don't predict answers -- Recognizing expected outcomes -- Read answer choices to obtain clues -- NCLEX-RN exam strategies: -- NCLEX-RN exam versus real-world nursing -- Strategies for priority questions -- Strategies for management of care questions -- Strategies for positioning questions -- Strategies for communication questions -- Your NCLEX-RN exam study plan. --NCLEX-RN Exam Content Review And Practice. Safe and effective care environment: management of care -- Advance directives -- Advocacy -- Case management -- Client rights -- Collaboration with interdisciplinary teams -- Concepts of management -- Confidentiality/information security -- Consultation -- Continuity of care -- Delegation -- Establishing priorities -- Ethical practice -- Information technology -- Informed consent -- Legal rights and responsibilities -- Performance improvement (quality improvement) -- Referrals -- Supervision -- Chapter Quiz Answers and explanations -- Safe and effective care environment: safety and infection control: Safety background -- Infection control background -- Accident/injury prevention -- Emergency response plan -- Ergonomic principles -- Error prevention -- Handling hazardous and infectious materials -- Home safety -- Reporting of incident/event/irregular occurrence/variance -- Safe use of equipment -- Security plan -- Standard precautions/transmission-based precautions/surgical asepsis -- Use of restraints/safety devices --Chapter quiz answers and explanations -- Health promotion and maintenance: -- Aging process -- Ante/intra/postpartum and newborn care -- Developmental stages and transitions -- Health and wellness -- Health promotion/disease prevention -- Health screening -- High-risk behaviors -- Lifestyle choices -- Principles of teaching/learning -- Self-care -- Techniques of physical assessment -- Chapter quiz answers and explanations -- Psychosocial integrity -- Abuse/neglect -- Behavioral interventions -- Chemical and other dependencies -- Coping mechanisms -- Crisis intervention -- Cultural diversity -- End of life care -- Family dynamics -- Grief and loss -- Mental health concepts -- Religious and spiritual influences on health -- Sensory/perceptual alterations -- Stress management -- Support systems -- Therapeutic communications -- Therapeutic environment -- Nursing process and psychosocial integrity -- Chapter quiz answers and explanations -- Physiological integrity: basic care and comfort -- Assistive devices -- Elimination -- Mobility/immobility -- Non-pharmacological comfort interventions -- Nutrition and oral hydration -- Personal hygiene -- Rest and sleep -- Chapter quiz answers and explanations -- Physiological integrity: pharmacological and parenteral therapies -- Adverse effects/contraindications/side effects/interactions -- Blood and blood products -- Central venous access devices -- Dosage calculation -- Expected actions/outcomes -- Medication administration -- Parenteral/intravenous therapies -- Pharmacological pain management -- Total parenteral nutrition -- Chapter quiz answers and explanations -- Physiological integrity: reduction of risk potential: -- Changes/abnormalities in vital signs -- Diagnostic tests -- Laboratory values -- Potential for alterations in body systems -- Potential for complications of diagnostic tests/treatments/procedures -- Potential for complications from surgical procedures and health alterations -- System-specific assessments -- Therapeutic procedures -- Chapter quiz answers and explanations -- Physiological integrity: physiological adaption -- Alterations in body systems -- Fluid and electrolyte imbalances -- Hemodynamics -- Illness management -- Medical emergencies -- Pathophysiology -- Unexpected response to therapies -- Chapter quiz answers and explanations. -- Practice Test. Practice test -- Your practice test scores -- Answer key -- Practice test answers and explanations. -- Licensure Process. Application, registration, and scheduling: -- How to apply for the NCLEX-RN exam -- Taking the exam -- Taking the test more than once -- You are not alone -- How to interpret unsuccessful test results -- Should you test again? -- How should you begin? -- Essentials for international nurses -- NCLEX-RN exam administration abroad -- CGFNS certificate -- Work visas -- Nursing practice in the United States -- US-style nursing communication -- Sample questions -- Answers to sample questions -- Language -- Kaplan programs for international Nurses. -- NCLEX-RN Exam Resources -- Chart of critical thinking paths -- Nursing terminology -- Common medical abbreviations --State licensing requirements -- Pearson professional centers offering the NCLEX-RN examinations.This book is a focused, up-to-date strategic guide to help you prepare for the challenging NCLEX-RN exam-now with online practice test. To become a registered nurse in the United States, nursing school graduates must pass the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN). It is a computer-adaptive test with between 75 and 265 questions that can take up to 6 hours. Each year, around 200,000 nursing students take this exam. Strategies play an important role in passing the NCLEX-RN, which is a critical thinking test requiring students to go beyond simply recognizing facts. In this guide, test-takers will have access to the most effective methods available to guarantee a passing score. This book combines its strategy guide with a comprehensive review designed to meet the challenges of this rigorous exam, including: 2 practice tests (one in the book and the second both on the CD-ROM and online); Detailed answer explanations; In-depth analysis of NCLEX-RN question types; Review of alternate question types; 47-item sample of Kaplan's NCLEX-RN Question Bank online; Features more of the most challenging questions and a bold, user-friendly design.
Subjects: Examinations.; Study guides.; National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses; Nurses; Nursing; Nursing;
Available copies: 2 / Total copies: 5
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